Week 6: Geography

On Friday of week 6, Miss J gave us some questions for us to answer to revise and recall what we have been taught so far. The following will be the questions given.
1. What is a drainage basin? How is it different from a watershed?
2. Explain the differences between the process of erosion and deposition.
3. Describe the characteristics of floodplains and explain its formation.
4. What are deltas?
Miss J pointed out some misinterpretations. Basically, a drainage basin is a land area on which a river flows, and a watershed will be an imaginary boundary separating one drainage basin from another. Next, the definition of erosion will be the wearing down of surfaces with the assistance of wind or water (etc.). Deposition will be the release or dropping off of sediments by water to attain river equilibrium. Moreover, a floodplain is a broad, low-lying land made from the accumulation of deposited sediments overtime. The river with a lot of energy will overflow its banks, the water spread will lose energy and hence, deposition takes place with the coarse and heavier sediments first, followed by the fine and lighter sediments. Furthermore, deltas are the accumulation of sediments at the river mouth near the distributaries.
REVISION!!!!!
Our term two common tests are approaching. So let us revise what we had learnt so far. Let’s start with the continents. There are a total of seven continents: North America, South America, Antarctica, Africa, Europe, Asia and Australia. Next up, there are five main oceans. They are the Pacific Ocean, Southern Ocean, Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean. Now, there are some plates we need to remember. They are the Pacific Plate, North American Plate, South American Plate, Nazca Plate, Caribbean Plate, Antarctic Plate, European Plate, Arabian Plate, Indo-Australian Plate and the Philippine plate. Okay, now let’s locate where some fold mountains are in the world. The Andes Mountains are located in South America, the Appalachian Mountains are located in North America, the Himalayan Mountains are located in Asia and the Alps are located in Europe. Moreover, the Great Dividing Range is located in Australia. Does anyone remember how do Fold Mountains form? They are formed from the collision of two plates which links back to plate movement and the formation of volcanoes as well. When two plates collide, they may result in being forced upwards and hence series of folds form. Hence we have our fold mountains! Nevertheless, we have vulcanicity. What is it? It is the process in which magma and other materials reach the Earth’s surface. A volcano eruption is a release pressure, never an explosion! It releases into the air magma and gases. What are the parts of a volcano? They are the magma chamber, the main vent, side vent, the crater, the whole pipe that leads to the opening and the summit. Volcanoes are formed overtime when layers of magma accumulate and harden. They are mainly found on plate boundaries. They can also be formed from subductions. Now, the MAIN components to the physical environment will be the weather and climate, rivers, lakes and oceans, natural vegetation and rocks and landforms.
Now let’s revise on the recent topic rivers and environments. There are three main parts to the river system. The upper course, middle course and the lower course. All rivers start at the river source and end at the river mouth. Tributaries are lakes and streams that join the main river channel and distributaries are like tubes that lead the main flow of water into the oceans. Meanders are formed when the river erodes sideways and deposits its sediments it is carrying in the opposite direction. A valley is a low area between hills and mountains. The main thing for this chapter will be ENERGY. As long as the river has energy, it will flow. Even from lowland to highland, it can still flow. The river always tries to achieve river equilibrium. When the river does not have enough energy, it will go through the process deposition. If the river has too much energy, it will find ways to get rid of some of its energy. A river with energy can chiefly do three things. Erosion, Transportation and Deposition. A waterfall is a vertical flow of fast-moving water falling from a great height. It is also part of the river system. It is made from erosions. The waterfall will have a bigger plunge pool every time erosion takes place.